In the ancient land of Bukovy­na, hid­den with­in the snow-cov­ered embrace of the Carpathi­an Moun­tains, remark­able trea­sures of the unseen world are revealed — min­er­al resources that enrich and nat­u­ral­ly shape this unique region. In this arti­cle, we will embark on a fas­ci­nat­ing jour­ney into the world of nat­ur­al resources of the Cher­nivt­si region, explor­ing the wealth of its sub­soil, which deter­mines not only the eco­nom­ic devel­op­ment of the area but also influ­ences the lives and well-being of its inhab­i­tants.

With­in the region, there are 158 min­er­al deposits, around 50 of which are cur­rent­ly being devel­oped. The largest share in the struc­ture of the region’s min­er­al resource base belongs to con­struc­tion raw mate­ri­als (80%), while 12% con­sists of ground­wa­ter resources, 5% of hydro­car­bon resources, and the remain­ing 3% accounts for oth­er min­er­al resources.

Oil

The Lopush­ni­anske oil field is locat­ed in the Vyzh­nyt­sia dis­trict of the Cher­nivt­si Oblast, between the vil­lages of Lekechi, Lopush­na, and Dol­ish­nii Shep­it. Spa­tial­ly, the field is con­fined to the out­er part of the Pre-Carpathi­an Fore­deep. The Lopush­ni­an­s­ka struc­ture is an anti­cli­nal fold dis­rupt­ed by lon­gi­tu­di­nal faults and trans­verse strike-slip faults into sep­a­rate blocks. Oil accu­mu­la­tions are con­cen­trat­ed with­in Juras­sic, Cre­ta­ceous, and Pale­o­gene deposits. The oil reserves of the field are esti­mat­ed at 11.8 mil­lion tonnes, of which 3.1 mil­lion tonnes are recov­er­able, along with 1.9 bil­lion m³ of nat­ur­al gas dis­solved in oil.

The Puty­la, Fed­kovy­chi, Dykhtynets, Rozhen, and Tarashany areas are con­sid­ered promis­ing for oil and gas explo­ration.
The Dykhtynets area is locat­ed on the bor­der between the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Verk­hovy­na dis­trict) and Cher­nivt­si Oblast (Vyzh­nyt­sia dis­trict). The area of this site is 69 km². The Dykhtynets uplift is a large brachyan­ti­cline with­in the Bilche-Volyt­sia zone of the Pre-Carpathi­an Fore­deep. The Dykhtynets struc­ture is divid­ed into sep­a­rate blocks by trans­verse strike-slip faults. This area is sit­u­at­ed with­in a promis­ing oil-and-gas-bear­ing region with an esti­mat­ed den­si­ty of undis­cov­ered hydro­car­bon resources rang­ing from 30 to 50 thou­sand tonnes/km².

The Tarashany area is locat­ed with­in the Cher­nivt­si dis­trict of Cher­nivt­si Oblast. The Tarashany struc­ture is an anti­cline slight­ly elon­gat­ed in the north­west­ern direc­tion. Cam­bri­an deposits are con­sid­ered prospec­tive for oil and gas occur­rence, with esti­mat­ed prospec­tive free gas resources of cat­e­go­ry C₃ amount­ing to 1,100 mil­lion m³.

Gas

Nat­ur­al gas with­in the region has been dis­cov­ered at five fields: Chornohuzke, Slavytske, Kras­noil­sk, and Shereme­tivske.
The Chornohuzke field is locat­ed 2 km from the city of Vyzh­nyt­sia. Tec­ton­i­cal­ly, it lies with­in the south­east­ern part of the Bilche-Volyt­sia zone of the Pre-Carpathi­an Fore­deep, in the Storozhynets block. By its struc­tur­al type, the Chornohuz­ka struc­ture is an anti­cline. The reser­voirs of the Chornohuzke field are strat­i­fied, dome-shaped, and tec­ton­i­cal­ly sealed. As of Jan­u­ary 1, 2021, the bal­ance reserves amount­ed to 33 mil­lion m³.

The Kras­noil­sk field is locat­ed near the vil­lage of Kras­noil­sk in the Cher­nivt­si dis­trict of Cher­nivt­si Oblast. Tec­ton­i­cal­ly, the field is sit­u­at­ed with­in the south­west­ern part of the Out­er Zone of the Pre-Carpathi­an Fore­deep, in front of the thrust front of the Inner Zone. As of Jan­u­ary 1, 2021, the bal­ance reserves amount­ed to 578 mil­lion m³.

Brown сoal

Brown coal deposits with­in the region are known near the vil­lage of Ispas. The thick­ness of the coal seams reach­es 30 cm. Two brown coal seams have been iden­ti­fied with­in the vil­lage: the upper seam occurs at a depth of 23 m, while the low­er seam lies at 31 m. With­in the Fly­sch Zone of the Carpathi­ans, coal deposits have also been dis­cov­ered near the vil­lages of Seli­atyn and Ser­hii, as well as in the urban-type set­tle­ment of Puty­la. The thick­ness of the seams ranges from 20 to 30 cm.

Bituminous shales

Bitu­mi­nous shale deposits have been iden­ti­fied in the north­east­ern part of the Bukovyn­ian Carpathi­ans, in the upper reach­es of the Cher­e­mosh, Siret, Malyi Siret, and Sire­tel rivers. These deposits are asso­ci­at­ed with the Menilite For­ma­tion of Pale­o­gene age, whose sed­i­men­ta­ry sequence reach­es a thick­ness of up to 1,500 m.

Gold

Plac­er gold occur­rences in the region are asso­ci­at­ed with allu­vial deposits in the val­leys of the Dni­ester, Prut, Cher­e­mosh, and Siret rivers and their trib­u­taries. The dis­tri­b­u­tion of gold in the plac­ers is uneven, and only rarely does its con­cen­tra­tion reach 1–2 g/m³. The thick­ness of the gold-bear­ing hori­zons gen­er­al­ly does not exceed 10–20 cm. Gold grains typ­i­cal­ly range in size from 0.25 to 0.5 mm, occa­sion­al­ly exceed­ing 1 mm. Nuggets weigh­ing up to 1 g are found rather rarely. In some occur­rences, gold con­cen­tra­tions reach eco­nom­i­cal­ly viable lev­els, con­firm­ing the poten­tial for fur­ther explo­ration and prospect­ing for plac­er gold deposits in this region.

Building stone

Sand­stones extract­ed in the Puty­la, Vyzh­nyt­sia, and Storozhynets dis­tricts can be used as build­ing stone. These sand­stones were formed dur­ing the Cre­ta­ceous peri­od, and their thick­ness reach­es 500–600 m.

Tripoli

Tripoli deposits have been explored with­in the ter­ri­to­ry of Cher­nivt­si Oblast. They are locat­ed in the extreme north­east­ern part of the region, in the Dni­ester Riv­er val­ley. How­ev­er, the thick­ness of the pro­duc­tive lay­er is rel­a­tive­ly small and rarely exceeds 3 m.

Marble

A deposit of mar­bleized lime­stones suit­able for use as fac­ing stone has been explored in the urban-type set­tle­ment of Kras­noil­sk. Struc­tural­ly, the deposit is con­fined to the Boryslav-Pokuttya nappe of the Pre-Carpathi­an Fore­deep. It is com­posed of coarse- and fine-block con­glom­er­ate-brec­cias of Triassic–Jurassic mar­bleized lime­stones with admix­tures of green meta­mor­phic rocks of Upper Pale­o­zoic age, which occur at the base of the Oligocene Polyanyt­sia For­ma­tion in the form of a lens-shaped body. The thick­ness of the pro­duc­tive lay­er is 25.4 m. As of 01.01.2020, reserves were esti­mat­ed at 414 thou­sand m³ in cat­e­go­ry C₁ and 35 thou­sand m³ in cat­e­go­ry C₂.

Limestone

Lime­stone deposits are asso­ci­at­ed with Pale­o­zoic, Meso­zoic, and Neo­gene sed­i­ments. The main reserves are con­cen­trat­ed with­in the Zas­tavna, Kel­mentsi, and Sokyr­i­any dis­tricts. Total reserves in cat­e­gories A+B+C₁ are esti­mat­ed at 160 mil­lion tonnes. Deposits of the Vymozke and Babynske fields are used for the pro­duc­tion of con­struc­tion lime, while the Novose­lytske and Vikni­anske deposits are used as agro­chem­i­cal raw mate­ri­als. Lime­stones from the Voronovetske, Komarivske, Skytske, and oth­er deposits are uti­lized as build­ing stone.

The Novose­lytske lime­stone deposit (East­ern and West­ern sec­tions) is locat­ed 1 km west of the vil­lage of Novose­lyt­sia in the Dnistro­vskyi dis­trict of Cher­nivt­si Oblast. Struc­tural­ly, the deposit lies on the south­west­ern mar­gin of the Podil­lian Plateau. The min­er­al resource is rep­re­sent­ed by Low­er Sar­ma­t­ian reef lime­stones over­lain by Neo­gene clays, loess-like Qua­ter­nary loams, and a soil-veg­e­ta­tion lay­er. The aver­age thick­ness of the lime­stone stra­ta is 33 m in the West­ern sec­tion and 19 m in the East­ern sec­tion. As of 01.01.2021, lime­stone reserves in cat­e­gories B+C₁ amount­ed to 2,672.1 thou­sand tonnes.

The Komarivske lime­stone deposit is locat­ed 1.5 km east of the vil­lage of Komariv in the Dnistro­vskyi dis­trict of Cher­nivt­si Oblast. The min­er­al resource is rep­re­sent­ed by Low­er Sar­ma­t­ian lime­stones. The thick­ness of the pro­duc­tive lay­er ranges from 3 to 39 m, aver­ag­ing 15 m. The pro­duc­tive stra­ta are under­lain by lithotham­ni­um lime­stones and over­lain by frac­tured recrys­tal­lized lime­stones, clays, loams, sands, and a soil-veg­e­ta­tion lay­er. The deposit is комплексний and is exploit­ed for the pro­duc­tion of rub­ble stone and dimen­sion stone. Remain­ing reserves as of 01.01.2019 amount­ed to: “dimen­sion stone” in cat­e­gories A+B+C₁ — 16,525 thou­sand m³, and “build­ing stone” in cat­e­gories B+C₁ — 5,316 thou­sand m³.

Gypsum

Gyp­sum deposits with­in the region are asso­ci­at­ed with the so-called Skyt­sko-Mama­ly­hivskyi gyp­sum dis­trict. The thick­ness of gyp­sum lay­ers varies from 10–15 m to 35–40 m. Gyp­sum is extract­ed from the Ver­en­chanske, Mama­ly­hivske, Dara­ban­ivske, Skytske, Stali­neshtske, and Chornopotitske deposits. Total reserves as of 01.01.2017 in cat­e­gories A+B+C₁ amount­ed to approx­i­mate­ly 60 mil­lion tonnes.

Clay and loam

Clay and loam deposits are used for the pro­duc­tion of bricks, roof­ing tiles, and ceram­ic prod­ucts. These deposits are asso­ci­at­ed with Neo­gene and Qua­ter­nary sed­i­ments. The thick­ness of the deposits is con­sid­er­able, although usu­al­ly only the upper lay­ers are exploit­ed. The aver­age thick­ness of the clay lay­ers ranges from 0.5 to 2 m. Among the largest deposits are Storozhynetske, Chornohuzivske, Ispaske, Bere­hometske, Vashkivske, and Myhivske.

The Storozhynetske‑2 clay deposit is locat­ed on the north­ern out­skirts of the city of Storozhynets in Cher­nivt­si Oblast. The deposit con­sists of two sec­tions, No. 2 and No. 3. The geo­log­i­cal sec­tion includes clays of the low­er sub­for­ma­tion of the Miocene Dasha­va For­ma­tion and Qua­ter­nary over­bur­den rocks. The total thick­ness of the pro­duc­tive lay­er ranges from 5.5 to 37 m, with an aver­age thick­ness of 12 m. As of 01.01.2020, the reserves of the Storozhynetske deposit were approved by the State Com­mis­sion of Ukraine on Min­er­al Resources (SCMR) under Pro­to­col No. 5017 dat­ed 23.01.2020 in the amount of 964 thou­sand m³ (cat­e­gories A+B+C₁).

Sand

Sand extract­ed with­in the region is asso­ci­at­ed with Neo­gene and Anthro­po­gene sed­i­ments. The aver­age thick­ness of sand deposits is 3–5 m, while the max­i­mum thick­ness does not exceed 15 m.

Gravel-pebble material

Deposits of grav­el and peb­ble mate­r­i­al are asso­ci­at­ed with the riverbeds of the Dni­ester and Prut rivers, as well as their trib­u­taries, where they form spits, shoals, and islands. The thick­ness of these deposits usu­al­ly ranges from 3 to 5 m. The grav­el and peb­ble mate­r­i­al con­sists of frag­ments of var­i­ous rock types, includ­ing quartz sand­stones, lime­stones, flints, argillites, and silt­stones, mixed with sandy and clayey mate­r­i­al. Among the deposits cur­rent­ly being devel­oped are the Nepolokivske, Luzhanske, Vashkivetske, Vyzh­nytske, Chornohuzke, Spaske, and Maid­anske deposits, among oth­ers.

Groundwater

With­in the region, chlo­ride-sodi­um, bicar­bon­ate-sodi­um-mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um, hydro­gen sul­fide chlo­ride-sodi­um, and bromine chlo­ride-cal­ci­um ground­wa­ter types occur. For cen­tral­ized water sup­ply, 9 fresh­wa­ter ground­wa­ter deposits are cur­rent­ly exploit­ed in the region. The Cher­nivt­si deposit is asso­ci­at­ed with an aquifer in Holocene and Neo­pleis­tocene allu­vial sed­i­ments. Ground­wa­ter reserves have been approved for sev­en water intake facil­i­ties locat­ed on both banks of the Prut Riv­er. On the left bank, these include Luzhany, Lenkivtsi‑1, Maha­la, Rohiz­na, Ocheret, and Lenkivt­si I‑Novosillia; on the right bank – Bila; anoth­er intake facil­i­ty is locat­ed on Bere­hovyi Island.

The aquifer of the Vashkivt­si deposit is asso­ci­at­ed with mod­ern Qua­ter­nary sed­i­ments. The waters are fresh, of com­plex chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion, dom­i­nat­ed by bicar­bon­ate and cal­ci­um ions, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 0.2 to 0.7 g/L. The Vyzh­nyt­sia deposit is locat­ed on the right bank of the Cher­e­mosh Riv­er, west of the town of Vyzh­nyt­sia. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with mod­ern Qua­ter­nary allu­vial deposits. The waters are fresh, of com­plex chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion, dom­i­nat­ed by bicar­bon­ate and cal­ci­um ions, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 0.3 to 0.45 g/L.

The Novose­lyt­sia deposit is locat­ed in the town of Novose­lyt­sia. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Qua­ter­nary allu­vial deposits. The waters are sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um-cal­ci­um type, with total min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.7–1.9 g/L. The Novod­nistro­vsk deposit is sit­u­at­ed on the south­east­ern out­skirts of the city of Novod­nistro­vsk. The aquifers of the deposit are rep­re­sent­ed by an Upper Pro­tero­zoic aquifer com­plex and a Qua­ter­nary allu­vial aquifer. The exploit­ed aquifer com­plex belongs to the Upper Pro­tero­zoic deposits. The waters are con­fined, fresh, bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.4–0.6 g/L.

The Sokyr­i­any deposit is locat­ed with­in the city of Sokyr­i­any. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Low­er Sar­ma­t­ian deposits. The waters are fresh and slight­ly min­er­al­ized, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 0.9 to 1.7 g/L, of bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um com­po­si­tion.
The Kel­mentsi deposit is locat­ed in the urban-type set­tle­ment of Kel­mentsi. The waters are of bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate cal­ci­um-sodi­um com­po­si­tion, with total min­er­al­iza­tion up to 0.87 g/L. The Kits­man deposit is locat­ed north of the urban-type set­tle­ment of Luzhany. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Neo­pleis­tocene grav­el-peb­ble deposits. The waters are uncon­fined, bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.4–0.6 g/L.

The Storozhynets deposit is locat­ed with­in the city of Storozhynets. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Qua­ter­nary grav­el-peb­ble deposits. The waters are fresh, sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.4–0.6 g/L. The Vadul-Siret deposit is locat­ed near the vil­lage of Kami­ana. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Neo­pleis­tocene allu­vial deposits. The waters are pre­dom­i­nant­ly bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, and less com­mon­ly sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um type.

Mineral waters

Thir­ty min­er­al water deposits are cur­rent­ly exploit­ed with­in the region.

The Maly­neshne deposit is locat­ed in the Maly­nesh­nyi tract of Vyzh­nyt­sia Dis­trict. The min­er­al waters are asso­ci­at­ed with Neo­gene Menilite For­ma­tion deposits. The waters are bicar­bon­ate sodi­um-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.6–0.7 g/L. The con­tent of organ­ic sub­stances ranges from 10 to 12 mg/L. The water belongs to the med­i­c­i­nal table-water type known as “Naf­tu­sia”. The Ust-Puty­la deposit is locat­ed south of the vil­lage of Ust-Puty­la. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Pale­o­gene Mani­a­va For­ma­tion deposits. The waters are fresh, neu­tral, bicar­bon­ate-chlo­ride cal­ci­um-sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.25–0.5 g/L. The water is used as a nat­ur­al table water under the trade name “Karpats­ka Dzherel­na”.

The Porku­lyn deposit is sit­u­at­ed on the east­ern out­skirts of the vil­lage of Porku­lyn. The aquifer is con­fined to Pale­o­gene Kros­no deposits. The waters are sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um-mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.4–0.8 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Rosa Karpat”. The Budenetske‑I deposit is locat­ed in the vil­lage of Budenets. The water is bicar­bon­ate-sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.7–0.9 g/L. It is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Budenet­s­ka”. The Budenetske deposit (well No. 3 MW) is locat­ed on the west­ern out­skirts of the vil­lage of Budenets. The waters are table bicar­bon­ate-sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.7–1.3 g/L. The “Bukovyn­s­ka” table water bot­tling plant is based on the use of water from this deposit.

The Dolynske deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Tovtry. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with deposits of the Opil­lia Hori­zon of the Low­er Neo­gene. The waters are slight­ly saline, bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.9–2.1 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Dolina”. The Mamornytske deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Rad­hos­piv­ka. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with deposits of the Vovchynets stra­ta of the Low­er Sar­ma­t­ian. The water is bicar­bon­ate cal­ci­um-mag­ne­sium-sodi­um and cal­ci­um-sodi­um-mag­ne­sium type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.8–1.2 g/L. It is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Mamornyt­s­ka”. The Shylivt­si deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Shylivt­si. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Neo­gene deposits. The spring water is clean, trans­par­ent, bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.4–0.7 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Shylivchanka”.

The Kytroske deposit is locat­ed with­in the Kytrosy tract, west of the vil­lage of Ose­liv­ka. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with deposits of the Albian Stage. The water is clear, odor­less, cold, and has a slight­ly saline taste. It is bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate mag­ne­sium-sodi­um-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.0–1.4 g/L and slight­ly alka­line prop­er­ties. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Kytros­ka”. The Zelenetske deposit is locat­ed in the vil­lage of Zele­na. The aquifer is con­fined, with a pres­sure head of 16 m. The waters are sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.0–1.1 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Zelen­chanka”. The Myhivchanske deposit is sit­u­at­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Myhove. The exploit­ed aquifer belongs to the Low­er Sar­ma­t­ian deposits. The waters are uncon­fined. Accord­ing to com­po­si­tion, they are bicar­bon­ate mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um and sodi­um-mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 0.2 to 0.8 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling.

The Brus­nytske deposit is locat­ed in the vil­lage of Brus­nyt­sia. Two types of min­er­al waters occur at the deposit. Sul­fide waters of the Ceno­man­ian Stage of the Upper Cre­ta­ceous may be used for exter­nal ther­a­peu­tic appli­ca­tions. Low-min­er­al­ized bicar­bon­ate-chlo­ride sodi­um waters with­out spe­cif­ic com­po­nents occur in the Kosiv deposits of the Neo­gene. The Cher­nivt­si deposit is sit­u­at­ed in the east­ern part of the city of Cher­nivt­si. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with fine-grained sands of the Upper Baden­ian sub­stage. The waters are low-min­er­al­ized, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 1.3 to 1.7 g/L. Accord­ing to com­po­si­tion, they are bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um waters with­out spe­cif­ic com­po­nents. They are clas­si­fied as med­i­c­i­nal table waters under the name “Cher­nivchanka”.

The Khreshchatynske deposit is locat­ed near the monastery in the vil­lage of Khreshchatyk. The deposit rep­re­sents a strat­i­fied spring out­let, with springs locat­ed approx­i­mate­ly 50 m apart from each oth­er. Water from these springs is used for the water sup­ply of the vil­lage of Khreshchatyk, the monastery, and for bot­tling table water. The water has low min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.5–0.8 g/L. It is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Khreshchatyk”. The Kelmenetske deposit is locat­ed in the urban-type set­tle­ment of Kel­mentsi. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Cre­ta­ceous deposits. The water is bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate chlo­ride cal­ci­um-sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion rang­ing from 1.2 to 2.2 g/L. It is clas­si­fied as a med­i­c­i­nal table water under the name “Kelmenet­s­ka”.

The Novose­lytske deposit is locat­ed on the west­ern out­skirts of the town of Novose­lyt­sia. The aquifer is con­fined to Qua­ter­nary allu­vial deposits. The waters are uncon­fined, bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.7–1.2 g/L. The water is rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Novose­lyt­s­ka”. The Valia-Kuzmynske deposit is locat­ed on the east­ern out­skirts of the vil­lage of Valia Kuzmyn. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Upper Baden­ian deposits. The waters are pres­sur­ized, bicar­bon­ate-sodi­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.3–1.7 g/L. These waters are clas­si­fied as med­i­c­i­nal table waters under the name “Valia Kuzmyn­s­ka” and are rec­om­mend­ed for the treat­ment of chron­ic gas­tri­tis. The Babynske deposit is locat­ed in the vil­lage of Babyn. The aquifer com­plex is asso­ci­at­ed with Lower–Middle Baden­ian deposits. The water is fresh, bicar­bon­ate-sul­fate cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.7–1.1 g/L.

The Vyzhenske deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Vely­ka Vyzhen­ka. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with the Menilite For­ma­tion of the Pale­o­gene. The waters are bicar­bon­ate type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.5 g/L. These waters are clas­si­fied as med­i­c­i­nal table waters and are rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Diana”. The Drachynetske deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Drachyntsi. The aquifer is con­fined to Low­er Neo­gene Kosiv deposits. The waters are pres­sur­ized, sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 1.16 g/L. They are clas­si­fied as table min­er­al waters and rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Drachynet­s­ka”. The Luzhanske deposit is locat­ed north­east of the Luzhany Exper­i­men­tal Plant. The aquifer is found in Upper Qua­ter­nary allu­vial deposits. The waters are fresh, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.5–0.6 g/L. They are clas­si­fied as table min­er­al waters and rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Luzhan­s­ka”.

The Nepolokivske deposit is locat­ed north­east of the Nepolokivt­si rail­way sta­tion. The exploit­ed aquifer lies in Mid­dle Qua­ter­nary allu­vial deposits. The waters are fresh, bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with total min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.7 g/L. They are rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Nepolokivs­ka”. The Bukovy­na deposit of fresh and table ground­wa­ter is locat­ed on the ter­ri­to­ry of the “Rosy Bukovyny” plant on the out­skirts of Cher­nivt­si. The water intake con­sists of two wells exploit­ing the Upper Pleis­tocene allu­vial aquifer. The waters are chlo­ride-sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.79 g/L (well 1) and 0.96 g/L (well 2). Water from well 2 is clas­si­fied as table water and rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Bukovyn­ka”.

The Ispas deposit is locat­ed in the west­ern part of the vil­lage of Ispas. The aquifer is con­fined to Mid­dle Pleis­tocene allu­vial deposits of the fourth above-flood­plain ter­race of the Cher­e­mosh Riv­er. The spring water is bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion of 0.6 g/L. The waters are clas­si­fied as table min­er­al waters and are rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling. The Cher­e­mosh deposit is locat­ed south­east of the vil­lage of Dovhopil­lia. The aquifer is of Pale­o­gene age. Accord­ing to its chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion, the water is sul­fate-bicar­bon­ate mag­ne­sium-cal­ci­um type, with min­er­al­iza­tion up to 1.0 g/L. The waters are clas­si­fied as table min­er­al waters and are rec­om­mend­ed for indus­tri­al bot­tling under the name “Cher­e­mosh­s­ka”.

The Velykokuchurivske deposit is locat­ed on the east­ern out­skirts of the vil­lage of Velykyi Kuchuriv. The ground­wa­ter is chlo­ride-bicar­bon­ate sodi­um type, with total dis­solved solids of 2.1–2.5 g/L. The waters can be used for indus­tri­al bot­tling as med­i­c­i­nal table water under the name “Velykokuchurivs­ka”. The Biskivske deposit is locat­ed on the out­skirts of the vil­lage of Ust-Puty­la. The aquifer is asso­ci­at­ed with Low­er Pale­o­gene deposits of the Yam­nen­s­ka For­ma­tion. The hori­zon is weak­ly con­fined. Accord­ing to chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion, the ground­wa­ter is bicar­bon­ate-cal­ci­um type.

The Cher­nivt­si region pos­sess­es a sig­nif­i­cant amount of min­er­al resources, which are essen­tial for its devel­op­ment. It is impor­tant to take into account envi­ron­men­tal con­sid­er­a­tions and the long-term impact on the envi­ron­ment when using these resources. The preser­va­tion of eco­log­i­cal bal­ance and sus­tain­able devel­op­ment should remain pri­or­i­ties for the region.