A qual­i­ta­tive assess­ment of oil and gas poten­tial in sub­sur­face resources is a set of stud­ies aimed at gen­er­al­iz­ing the results of geo­log­i­cal explo­ration in order to iden­ti­fy areas favor­able for hydro­car­bon accu­mu­la­tion, car­ry out their region­al­iza­tion and dif­fer­en­ti­a­tion accord­ing to the degree of prospec­tiv­i­ty, and select the most opti­mal direc­tions for explo­ration and appraisal work.

A qual­i­ta­tive assess­ment of oil and gas poten­tial prospects is car­ried out on the basis of a com­pre­hen­sive analy­sis of the com­plex of oil and gas poten­tial cri­te­ria estab­lished for the object under study, the study of their spa­tial change and pat­terns of dis­tri­b­u­tion of oil and gas accu­mu­la­tions, as well as the study of geo­log­i­cal, geo­phys­i­cal geo­chem­i­cal, hydro­ge­o­log­i­cal, ther­mo­bar­ic and oth­er mate­ri­als in the region, pos­si­ble oil and gas-bear­ing com­plex­es are iden­ti­fied, tec­ton­ic and oil and gas-geo­log­i­cal zon­ing of the ter­ri­to­ry is car­ried out on its basis. The final stage of such an assess­ment is the com­pi­la­tion of maps of oil and gas poten­tial prospects — for region­al fore­cast objects and graph­ic mod­els (in sec­tion and plan) of oil and gas promis­ing objects — for local fore­cast objects, as well as the issuance of rec­om­men­da­tions for fur­ther geo­log­i­cal explo­ration works with­in cer­tain spe­cif­ic ter­ri­to­ries.

Region­al hydro­car­bon prospec­tiv­i­ty fore­cast­ing is a geo­log­i­cal study of a large area with­in a sed­i­men­ta­ry basin aimed at iden­ti­fy­ing region­al-scale prospec­tive objects, dif­fer­en­ti­at­ing them accord­ing to their degree of prospec­tiv­i­ty, and car­ry­ing out petro­le­um geo­log­i­cal region­al­iza­tion. Dur­ing region­al fore­cast­ing, the main fea­tures of the geo­log­i­cal struc­ture of a giv­en area and the stages of its geo­t­ec­ton­ic evo­lu­tion are stud­ied. Litho­log­i­cal and strati­graph­ic char­ac­ter­is­tics of the sed­i­men­ta­ry sequence are ana­lyzed, as well as the hydro­ge­o­log­i­cal and geo­chem­i­cal con­di­tions of the region. Petro­le­um prospec­tive com­plex­es (nat­ur­al reser­voirs) and zones of poten­tial hydro­car­bon accu­mu­la­tion are iden­ti­fied. A quan­ti­ta­tive assess­ment of fore­cast resources is per­formed using cat­e­gories D1 and D2, and both iden­ti­fied and pre­dict­ed hydro­car­bon-bear­ing zones are delin­eat­ed. Rec­om­men­da­tions are then devel­oped for select­ing tar­gets for zon­al fore­cast­ing.

Local fore­cast­ing is the assess­ment of hydro­car­bon poten­tial based on a set of geo­log­i­cal cri­te­ria for a spa­tial­ly local­ized object (such as a third-order anti­cline struc­ture or var­i­ous types of non-anti­cli­nal traps) and a spe­cif­ic strati­graph­ic inter­val (an indi­vid­ual oil and gas reser­voir). It is close­ly relat­ed to zon­al fore­cast­ing and is car­ried out after it. The dif­fer­ence between zon­al and local fore­cast­ing lies, first, in the scale of the geo­log­i­cal bod­ies under study and, sec­ond, in the sets of geo­log­i­cal cri­te­ria used in the analy­sis.

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